This math topic focuses on understanding and working with equivalent fractions and ratios. Specifically, learners are tasked with finding the ratios that transform given fractions into their equivalent forms represented with different numerators and denominators. This involves basic multiplication and fraction knowledge, which servers as an introductory step into fraction comparison and deeper mathematical principles. Each problem presents a fraction being multiplied by an unknown ratio to equate to another fraction, requiring students to identify the correct scaling factor or ratio between the two fractions.