This math topic focuses on practicing multiplication of whole numbers where a 2-digit number is multiplied by a 1-digit number. Specifically, it involves breaking apart the 2-digit number into tens and units to simplify the multiplication process—a technique sometimes called partial products or distributive property of multiplication. The problems require students to consider various ways of breaking down the numbers to find different combinations that result in the same product, enhancing their number sense and flexibility in handling numbers.