This math topic focuses on calculating the percent change in scenarios involving a growth in numbers, specifically using examples of meal payments to determine tip percentages. The problems are presented in multiples of 10% and involve solving for the tip percentages when paying more than the original price of meals. Each problem requires verifying the percentage difference between the paid amount and the original meal cost, and the participants are given multiple choice answers to select from. The problems develop skills in applying percentage calculations in real-world contexts.