This math topic focuses on determining the type of roots a quadratic equation will have based on the value of its discriminant. It specifically practices identifying whether a quadratic function, given certain roots (one real root, two real roots, or two complex roots), will have a positive discriminant, zero discriminant, or negative discriminant. The problems enable learners to connect the count and nature of the roots of quadratic equations with the corresponding discriminant values, using the quadratic formula context.