This math topic focuses on understanding and calculating equivalent ratios in the context of recipe adjustments for various food and drink items. The problems involve finding the required amount of one ingredient given the amount of another while maintaining the given ratio. This includes scenarios like determining the amount of peach needed for a smoothie or mustard for a sauce, given a specific amount of lime or ketchup respectively. Each problem provides a real-life application of ratios within culinary settings, emphasizing the practical use of math in daily activities.